The Teatrino Della Baldracca: One of Florence’s Oldest Theaters

Beginning in 1567, Teatino Della Baldracca holds the title of being one of the oldest theaters in Florence. Located in a palace known as the seat of the New Customs House, the theater was also attached to the Uffizi gallery. The space remained in operation from 1567 to around 1650, housing countless shows and gatherings during that time. In the 16th and 17th centuries, theater shows were thought to be sinful, and the Catholic church condemned the event. This caused the exact location to remain a secret, and attendees would often hide their identities. One of these attendees was the Grand Duke, and he would watch from behind an iron gate in a private, raised room in order to remain anonymous. Though a secret spot, the Baldracca Theater became a place where characters came to life in an extravagant fashion. Perhaps the most popular characters were those of carnivale, a celebration held throughout Italy before Lent, a Christian period of atonement before Easter. These characters include Harlequin, Pantalone, Colombina, and Il Dottore.

The Characters

Harlequin, also known as Arlecchino, is one of the most popular masks, and is a simple-minded though witty servant. The character is often wearing a peasant’s shirt and long trousers, both of which are covered in bright, colorful patches. The Pantalone character is known for being a greedy Venetian merchant, though he is incredibly gullible, and is often taken advantage of. His character wears tight red pants and a matching shirt, as well as a black cape, and either red or black pointed shoes.

Colombina is also a carnival character who was put on display at the theater, and she was usually Harlequin’s companion, shown as being charming, catty, and vane. Her character often wears a wide blue skirt, as well as a white bodice, red jacket, and white apron. The final character that was consistently on display in Baldracca Theater was a pompous, rich, inept individual known as Il Dottore. He was usually donning a black shirt and cape, with his shirt and pants a matching shade. He was also depicted as having a wide, white collar.

Carnivale, the Characters, and Teatino Della Baldracca 

These characters were a part of the carnival celebrations in the streets, embodying the lively, chaotic spirit of the season. The Baldracca was unique because it gave these characters a dedicated space to develop and evolve, far beyond street performances. The characters brought the energy of the carnival indoors, transforming the theater into a stage for both high comedy and social commentary.

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